Various factors such as medicines, phobias, chemical substances can result in panic attacks among different individuals. It is very important that these attacks are diagnosed properly and effective treatment is given to the patients. Since some of the symptoms of panic attacks are similar to those of heart attacks, these can be easily misdiagnosed. Treatment of panic attacks can be done with the help of medicines, psychotherapy and various self help methods.
A panic attack is a period of time in which deep fear manifests in an individual along with multiple other symptoms such as nausea, fear of dying, confusion, blankness etc. It can last from few seconds to numerous hours on a stretch. An individual of any age or gender can suffer from it. Due to overlap of features of such attacks with heart attacks, these are sometimes mistaken for heart attacks by some of the affected individuals.
Reasons behind them:
There are numerous causes of these attacks such as heredity, phobias, medications and certain chemicals such as caffeine and alcohol. Different causes of same are explained here.
- Heredity: Such disorders are known to be inherited by children from their parents. As per various studies, if one of the twins develops a panic attack, the chances of other twin catching the same increase by thirty to eighty percent. If the parents have the habit of worrying unnecessarily, they may pass on the panic disorders to their children, though unknowingly.
- Phobias: An individual may suffer from it if he/she has a fear or phobia of certain animals, places or people. When such an individual is exposed to the trigger, a panic attack may set in him/her.
- Medications: If anyone is being administered certain antibiotics such as Ritalin, fluoroquinolone etc, he/she might develop this disorder as a side effect of these medicines. Some antidepressants like Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) can also cause anxiety in starting stages of their usage.
- Situational: Certain situations can also cause panic attacks. For example, if anyone dreads his/her office, college or school, an attack may set in when he/she has to go there.
- Chemical substances: Chemical substances such as caffeine, amphetamine, alcohol etc can also cause this disorder.
How to treat panic attacks:
Treatment of panic attacks can be done in numerous ways including psychotherapy, medications and self help methods such as paper bag rebreathing. Psychotherapy includes sessions with the patient, taken by expert psychotherapists. Medication involves usage of various medicines such as antidepressants like SSRIs, MAOIs and anti-anxiety drugs like benzodiazepines.
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